5 Solo piping and solo drumming

5.1 General Rules

5.1.1 Competitors can only enter competitions within the same level at the same event (e.g. during one particular Highland games) according to the rules below. Competitors at any level may participate in the unlevelled competitions if not excluded by a specific rule.

5.1.2 Competitors may change between levels at different events according to the following rules:

Piping:

  • From the Beginners level to any level except Former Winners.
  • From the Intermediate level to the Experienced level or the Advanced level.
  • From the Experienced level to the Advanced level or the Intermediate level.
  • From the Advanced level to the Experienced level.

With the exception of the unlevelled competitions and the Advanced and Former Winners levels, competitors may never enter a competition, which he or she has previously won.

Side Drumming:

  • From the Beginners level to any level.
  • From the Closed level to the Open level.

5.1.3 To qualify for the Former Winners level a competitor must have won a first place in the M/S/R competition in the level below Former Winners and a first place in the Hornpipe/Jig competition in the level below Former Winners at either the Scandinavian Championships or the CWC during the same season. This means that there are two possible ways to qualify. The first possibility is that a competitor wins both competitions at the same event. The other possibility is that one competition is won at the Scandinavian Championships and the other at the immediately following Copenhagen Winter Competition or vice versa. Note that a competitor who has qualified to play at the Former Winners level is not compelled to change from the level below Former Winners until he or she has qualified twice in the time span of two seasons.

Competitors who have reached a high standard of playing, and have competed successfully outside of Scandinavia may apply to the organising committee to compete at the Former Winners' level.

Competitors on the Former Winners' or in drumming Open level may apply to the committee of the PBAS if they wish to compete at a lower level again.

5.1.4 Competitors must keep inside the tuning area and must follow instructions given by the officials. Competitors must keep informed of any changes in the time schedule and must make sure that they can be found by the Stewards.

5.1.5 The competitions are open to pipers and drummers of all nationalities. Competitions open to Scandinavians only may be held simultaneously, within the same competition, with competitions open to all nationalities.

Competitors who have been resident in Scandinavia for at least one month prior to the competitions are regarded as Scandinavians

Prizes may be awarded both to the three best placed competitors, and to the three best placed Scandinavians.

The title "Scandinavian Champion" will be assigned to the competitor at the Scandinavian Championships who has got the lowest sum of placing in the following competitions:

Solo Piping
Piobaireachd Advanced plus Former Winners; March/Strathspey/Reel and Hornpipe/Jig.
Solo Drumming
Former Winners; March/Strathspey/Reel and Hornpipe/Jig.

In case of a tie in piping, the competitor with the best place in Piobaireachd should be awarded the title.

In case of a tie in piping, the competitor with the best place in Piobaireachd should be awarded the title. In case of a tie in drumming, the competitor with the best place in March/Strathspey/Reel should be awarded the title.

The title "Scandinavian Champion of Champion (of Solo Piping or of Solo Drumming)" will be awarded at the Copenhagen Winter Competition to the Scandinavian competitors in the Former Winners' best placed at the previous Scandinavian Championships and the current CWC, according to the following:

Competitors are given points according to how they have been placed in the competitions below. A first place renders one point, second place two points etc. The competitor with the lowest sum of place-points in all competitions at both events wins the title.

Solo Piping
Piobaireachd Advanced plus Former Winners - March/Strathspey/Reel and Hornpipe/Jig.
Solo Drumming
Open Level - March/Strathspey/Reel, Hornpipe/Jig and and "6/8 or 9/8 or 12/8 competition".

In case of a tie in piping, the competitor with the best place in Piobaireachd should be awarded the title. If still a tie, a preference is given to the person with best placing in Piobaireachd and March/Strathspey/Reel.

In case of a tie in drumming, the competitor with the best place in March/Strathspey/Reel should be awarded the title. If still a tie, a preference is given to the person with best placing in March/Strathspey /Reel and Hornpipe/Jig.

Only competitors who have participated fully in all, without breaking down in any of the competitions (piping six, drumming six), at the two events can win the award.

5.1.6 Pipers must play on the Great Highland Bagpipe.

5.1.7 Side drummers must play on a pipe band snare drum.

5.1.8 Tenor drummers must play on a pipe band tenor drum.

5.1.9 It is strongly recommended that solo drummers should be accompanied by 1–3 pipers.

5.1.10 Rules that exclude competitors from taking part in any competition because they have won previous contests do not apply if there were less than five competitors in the event they won.

5.1.11 In the solo piping competitions all competitors should be ranked from the winner and downwards, although competitors who break down should not be ranked. Adjudication should be carried out using score sheets, divided into sections. Constructive criticism should be provided in the space provided on the judges' sheets. Separate assessment for tone (maximum 15 points) should be made.

5.1.12 In the solo drumming competitions all competitors should be ranked from the winner and downwards, although competitors who break down should not be ranked. Adjudication should be carried out using score sheets, divided into sections. Constructive criticism should be provided in the space provided on the judges' sheets. Separate assessment for tone (maximum 10 points) and introduction (maximum 20 points) should be made.

5.2 Solo Piping


Level Competition a Competition b

I Beginners
Slow Air March (any time signature)

II Intermediate
Slow Air/Jig 2/4 competition type march

III Experienced
Hornpipe/Jig March/Strathspey/Reel

IV Advanced
Hornpipe/Jig (2 stated sets) March/Strathspey/Reel (2 stated sets)

V Former Winners
Hornpipe/Jig (3 + 3 tunes) March/Strathspey/Reel (3 + 3 + 3 tunes)


Xa Unlevelled
Scandinavian Tune

Xb Unlevelled
Piobaireachd (Urlar only)

Xc Unlevelled
Piobaireachd

Xd Unlevelled
Piobaireachd Advanced

Xe Exp, Adv, FW
6/8 March

I Beginners' Level

Ia Slow Air
An air or slow march to be played. Competitors must not have won any piping competition before.
Ib March Beginners
At least four measures of a march of any time signature to be played. Competitors must not have won any piping competition before, except at the beginners' level.

II Intermediate Level

IIa Slow Air/Jig
A slow air followed by at least four measures of jig to be played. Competitors must not previously have won first place in this competition.
IIb March Intermediate
At least four measures of a 2/4 competition type march to be played. Competitors must not previously have won first place in this competition.

III Experienced Level

IIIa Hornpipe/Jig Experienced
At least four measures of hornpipe followed by at least four measures of jig to be played. Competitors must not previously have won first place in this competition.
IIIb March/Strathspey/Reel Experienced
At least four measures of a 2/4 competition type march, followed by at least four measures of strathspey and at least four measures of reel to be played. Competitors must not previously have won first place in this competition.

IV Advanced Level

IVa Hornpipe/Jig Advanced
At least four measures of hornpipe followed by at least four measures of jig to be played. Competitors must submit two different sets when registering at the competition or at an earlier point of time determined by the competition organiser.
IVb March/Strathspey/Reel Advanced
At least four measures of a 2/4 competition type march followed by at least four measures of a competition type strathspey and at least four measures of a competition type reel to be played. Competitors must submit two different sets when registering at the competition or at an earlier point of time determined by the competition organiser

V Former Winners' Level

Va Hornpipe/Jig Former Winners
At least four measures of hornpipe followed by at least four measures of jig to be played. Competitors must submit three different hornpipes and three different jigs when registering at the competition or at an earlier point of time determined by the competition organiser. The adjudicator will choose which two tunes to be played on stage.
Vb March/Strathspey/Reel Former Winners
At least four measures of a 2/4 competition type march followed by at least four measures of a competition type strathspey and at least four measures of a competition type reel to be played. Competitors must submit three different marches, three different strathspeys and three different reels when registering at the competition or at an earlier point of time determined by the competition organiser. The adjudicator will choose which three tunes to be played on stage.

X Unlevelled Competitions

Xa Scandinavian Tune
A tune of Scandinavian origin to be played twice over.
Xb Piobaireachd, Urlar
The ground of a Piobaireachd to be played. Competitors can only compete in this competition during two seasons. Competitors must not previously have won first place in this competition. Competitors must not take part, or previously have taken part, in the Piobaireachd (Xc) or Piobaireachd Advanced (Xd) Competitions. A copy of the music is to be handed in to the information desk upon arrival.
Xc Piobaireachd
A piobaireachd to be played. A copy of the music is to be handed in to the information desk upon arrival. Competitors may not take part in the Piobaireachd Advanced competition (Xd) at the same event. Competitors who have won this event twice are excluded from entering again.
Xd Piobaireachd Advanced
One of three piobaireachd to be played. Competitors must submit three different piobaireachd when registering at the competition or at an earlier point of time determined by the competition organiser. The adjudicator will choose which tune to be played on stage. Copies of the music for the tunes are to be handed in to the information desk upon arrival.
Xe 6/8 March
At least four measures of a 6/8 march to be played. This competition is open to pipers on the experienced, advanced and former winners' levels only

5.3 Solo Side Drumming


Level Competition a Competition b

I Beginners
March (any time signature) -

II Closed
Hornpipe/Jig March/Strathspey/Reel

III Open
Hornpipe/Jig March/Strathspey/Reel (2 stated marches)

   
6/8 or 9/8 or 12/8 March -

I Beginners' Level

Ia March Beginners
At least four measures of a march of any time signature to be played. Competitors must not have won any drumming competition above the beginners' level before. Competitors who have won two solo drumming competitions on the beginners’ level within the same season may not enter this competition.

II Closed Level

IIa Hornpipe/Jig Closed
At least two measures of hornpipe to be played followed by at least two measures of jig. Competitors who have won first place in both this competition and the March/Strathspey/Reel Closed competition within the same season may not enter this competition.
IIb March/Strathspey/Reel Closed
At least four measures of a 2/4 competition type march followed by at least four measures of strathspey and at least four measures of reel to be played. Competitors who have won first place in both this competition and the Hornpipe/Jig Closed competition within the same season may not enter this competition.

III Open Level

IIIa Hornpipe/Jig Open
At least four measures of hornpipe to be played followed by at least four measures of jig.
IIIb March/Strathspey/Reel Open
At least four measures of a 2/4 competition type march followed by at least four measures of strathspey and at least four measures of reel to be played. Competitors must submit two marches when registering at the competition or at an earlier point of time determined by the competition organiser. The adjudicator will choose which march to be played on stage, strathspey and reel of competitor’s own choice.
IIIc 6/8 or 9/8 or 12/8 March Open
At least four parts of 6/8 or 9/8 or 12/8 march to be played.

5.4 Solo Tenor Drumming

A selection of 2-6 minutes duration to be played. Each competitor must be accompanied by 1–2 pipers and an optional side drummer. All competitors should be ranked from the winner and downwards, although competitors who break down should not be ranked. The adjudication should be carried out by two judges, one primarily judging the musical performance and the other primarily judging the visual performance (flourishing, feathering and posture). Preferably the adjudicators should be in agreement over the placing of the competitors. In case of a tie preference should be given to musical performance. Constructive criticism should be provided in the spaces provided on the judges’ sheets on both the musical and visual aspects of the performance. Tone and introduction should be assessed separately (maximum 10 points for tone and 20 points for introduction). The selection should be started by two by three beats as in traditional pipe band introductory rolls.